United Nations Ocean Conference (UNOC3)

Why in News?

India is unlikely to ratify the High Seas Treaty (BBNJ Agreement) at the UN Ocean Conference (UNOC3) 2025 in Nice, France, due to pending legal amendments. Though signed in 2024, formal ratification awaits changes to national laws.

Description:

1. Host & Venue (2025): The Third UN Ocean Conference (UNOC3) is being co-hosted by France and Costa Rica from June 9–13, 2025, in Nice, France.
2. Key Objective: UNOC3 aims to adopt the “Nice Ocean Agreements”, a binding international pact aligned with SDG 14 (Life Below Water) to protect the oceans.
3. Priority Areas: The conference focuses on:
   1. Completing multilateral ocean-related processes
   1. Mobilizing finance for SDG 14 and the blue economy
   1. Strengthening marine science for informed policymaking
4. BBNJ Agreement Significance: A major agenda is pushing for ratification of the BBNJ Agreement (Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction) to regulate high seas, which cover 60% of ocean areas and lack effective governance.
5. India’s Interest: Oceans support India’s economy via trade, fisheries, tourism, and hold potential for offshore renewable energy. India is actively engaging in awareness events like the “We Are the Ocean” Festival and “Blue Talks”.

https://indianexpress.com/article/upsc-current-affairs/upsc-essentials/un-growing-threat-to-oceans-a-global-emergency-10056835

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