Concepts

Concepts

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Critically examine the effectiveness of Corporate Average Fuel Efficiency (CAFE) norms in promoting decarbonisation in India’s transport sector. (10 Marks, 150 words)

Introduction: Corporate Average Fuel Efficiency (CAFE) norms mandate automobile manufacturers to meet fleet-average CO₂ emission...

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“Heatwaves in India are no longer seasonal events but structural risks.” Examine the causes, impacts, and policy gaps in India’s response to heatwaves. (15 Marks, 250 words)

Introduction: Heatwaves in India are increasing in frequency, duration, and geographical spread, extending beyond traditional...

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“The decline of Left-Wing Extremism marks not an end, but a transition in India’s governance challenge.” Examine the need for a shift from security-centric approaches to governance-led transformation in post-LWE regions. (15 marks, 250 words)

Introduction: The significant decline of Left Wing Extremism (LWE) in India marks a major internal...

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“Outer space is increasingly becoming a domain of competition rather than cooperation.” Examine the emerging challenges in space and lunar governance in this context. (15 Marks, 250 words)

INTRODUCTION: Outer space was historically governed as a global common, guided by cooperation and peaceful...

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“Civil services in India are evolving from policy-makers to outcome-oriented implementers in the era of Digital India.” Examine this statement in the light of recent administrative transformations. (15 marks 250 words)

Introduction: Civil services in India have traditionally played a dominant role in policy formulation. However,...

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“Short-term electoral incentives often distort long-term development priorities.” Analyse this statement with reference to welfare policies. (10 Marks)

Introduction: In democratic systems, electoral competition often encourages governments to prioritise policies that yield immediate...

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“Global economic rankings are relative, not absolute.” Explain this statement in the context of India’s changing position in the world economy. (10 Marks 150 words)

Introduction: Global economic rankings based on nominal GDP compare countries in relative terms rather than...

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India’s National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM) is increasingly being seen as a model of development diplomacy in the Global South. Examine how community-based institutional models like Self-Help Groups (SHGs) contribute to both domestic transformation and international cooperation. (15 Marks, 250 Words)

Introduction: India’s National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM), launched in 2011, represents a shift from welfare-based...

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How can a below normal monsoon impact India’s agriculture and economy? Suggest measures to mitigate these challenges. (10 Marks)

Introduction: The Indian monsoon is crucial for agriculture and rural livelihoods. A below normal monsoon...

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Expanding Parliament may solve representation issues but risks making governance inefficient and less accountable. Comment.

Introduction: Expanding the size of Parliament has been proposed in the context of post-2026 delimitation...

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Groundwater depletion has emerged as one of the most critical environmental and developmental challenges in India. Discuss the causes and consequences of groundwater over-extraction. Suggest sustainable measures for its management.

Introduction: Groundwater constitutes nearly half of India’s irrigation needs and is a crucial source of...

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Amid rising global uncertainties, India’s fertiliser subsidy regime requires urgent reform. Examine the structural issues in the current fertiliser policy and suggest measures for making it efficient and sustainable. (15 Marks)

Introduction: India’s fertiliser policy has played a crucial role in ensuring food security since the...

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“Constitutional morality and societal morality are often seen in conflict. However, this binary is oversimplified.” Examine in the context of judicial decision-making in India.

Introduction: The distinction between constitutional morality and societal morality has emerged as a key theme...

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“Election expenditure in India raises serious concerns regarding the fairness and inclusiveness of democratic processes.” In this context, examine the effectiveness of existing regulations on election expenditure and discuss whether rising campaign costs are pushing Indian democracy towards a plutocratic tendency.

Introduction: Election expenditure refers to the money spent by candidates and political parties during election...

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Political Empowerment of Women is a Prerequisite for Achieving Substantive Equality. Examine

Introduction: Women political empowerment refers to the ability of women to participate effectively in political...

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