Why in News?
India abstained from a UN General Assembly (UNGA) resolution calling for a ceasefire in Gaza, marking its fourth abstention in three years. This highlights a shift from India’s December 2024 stance, when it supported a ceasefire amid Gaza’s worsening humanitarian crisis.
Description:
About UNGA:
- It is the main deliberative, policymaking, and representative organ of the United Nations (UN).
- All 193 UN member states are members of the UNGA, each having one vote.
Functions:
- Discusses and makes recommendations on international peace and security (except matters under Security Council consideration).
- Approves the UN budget.
- Elects non-permanent members of the UN Security Council, members of the Economic and Social Council, and other bodies.
- Admits new members on the recommendation of the Security Council.
- Appoints the Secretary-General (on Security Council’s recommendation).
Decisions:
- Resolutions of the UNGA are non-binding (they do not have legal force), but carry significant political and moral weight.
Sessions:
- Meets in regular annual sessions (September to December).
- Can hold special or emergency sessions if required.
Voting:
- Important questions (e.g. peace and security, budget) need a two-thirds majority.
- Other matters are decided by a simple majority.
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