Why in News?
The Environment Ministry deferred forest clearance for Puri’s Shree Jagannath International Airport due to concerns over threats to Olive Ridley turtles, Irrawaddy dolphins, migratory birds, cyclone-protecting trees, and possible violations of forest and coastal regulations.
Description:
- Scientific Name and Description: The Olive Ridley Turtle, scientifically known as Lepidochelys olivacea, is the smallest and most abundant species of sea turtle, recognized for its olive-green shell.
- Arribada Phenomenon: Olive Ridley turtles are famous for their unique mass nesting behavior known as “Arribada,” where thousands of females gather on the same beach to lay eggs.
- Geographic Distribution: These turtles are found in the warm waters of the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans, with Odisha’s Gahirmatha Marine Sanctuary being the largest rookery in the world.
- Physical Features and Behavior: Adult Olive Ridleys measure 62-70 cm in length and weigh 35-45 kg. They are solitary, omnivorous, and migrate long distances between feeding and mating areas.
- Conservation Status: The Olive Ridley Turtle is classified as “Vulnerable” by the IUCN Red List, is protected under the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 (Schedule 1), and is listed in CITES Appendix I.
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