Why in News?
Former US President Donald Trump has been diagnosed with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI), a condition affecting blood flow in the legs. The diagnosis was made following swelling and bruising in his limbs. The White House confirmed that Trump remains in excellent health overall.
Description:
- A condition where leg veins fail to efficiently return blood to the heart.
- Caused by damaged or weakened vein valves, leading to blood pooling in the legs.
- Not usually life-threatening but can significantly impact quality of life.
Causes / Risk Factors:
- Valve dysfunction in the veins.
- Overweight or obesity.
- Pregnancy.
- Family history of venous disorders.
- Past leg injuries or surgeries.
- History of blood clots (DVT).
- Increasing age – common in older adults.
Symptoms:
- Leg pain or heaviness.
- Swelling (edema) in lower legs/ankles.
- Cramps, especially at night.
- Itchy or flaky skin, skin discolouration.
- Varicose veins.
- Leg ulcers, particularly around the ankles.
Prevalence:
- Affects approximately 1 in 20 adults.
- Risk increases significantly with age.
Treatment Options:
- Lifestyle Changes:
- Regular physical activity (walking, cycling).
- Leg elevation above heart level.
- Weight loss and a healthy diet.
- Medical Management:
- Compression therapy: Tight stockings or bandages to support veins.
- Medications to improve venous tone and blood flow.
- Surgical/Procedural Options:
- Sclerotherapy, laser therapy, vein stripping, or endovenous ablation in severe cases.
Preventive Tips:
- Avoid long periods of standing or sitting.
- Wear compression stockings if at risk.
- Engage in leg exercises and maintain healthy weight.

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