Why in News?
Kaziranga Tiger Reserve in Assam recorded the third-highest tiger density in India (18.65/100 sq. km) after Bandipur (19.83) in Karnataka and Corbett (19.56) in Uttarakhand, as per the 2024 report released on Global Tiger Day (July 29th).
Description:
Location:
- Situated in Assam, northeastern India.
- Lies in the Brahmaputra Valley floodplain.
- Represents the largest undisturbed area in this ecosystem.
Status: Declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1985.
Geography & Terrain:
- Features: Tall elephant grass, dense forest, rugged reeds, marshes, and shallow pools.
- Rivers:
- Diffalu River: A tributary of the Brahmaputra, flows through the park.
- Moradifalu River: Flows along the southern boundary.
Flora:
- Dominated by:
- Elephant grasses
- Swamplands
- Water lilies, water hyacinths, and lotus
Fauna:
- Home to many endangered and threatened species, including:
- One-horned Rhinoceros (World’s largest population)
- Tiger (Kaziranga is a Tiger Reserve)
- Eastern Swamp Deer
- Asian Elephant
- Wild Buffalo
- Hoolock Gibbon, Capped Langur
- Gangetic River Dolphin
Birdlife – Grassland Bird Survey Report:
- 43 grassland bird species recorded across Kaziranga’s three wildlife divisions.
- Highlights:
- Finn’s Weaver (IUCN: Endangered, local name: Tukura Chorai) is successfully breeding.
- Considered a key indicator of grassland ecosystem health.
- Known for building nests atop trees.
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