Why in News?
A 2025 study reveals that invasive and native “grassland invaders” like Bombax ceiba and Lagerstroemia speciosa are altering Dibru-Saikhowa National Park’s riverine ecosystem, threatening endemic species and feral horses, urging targeted grassland restoration and community-based conservation measures.
Description:
Location & Status:
- Situated on the south bank of the Brahmaputra River, eastern Assam.
- Boundaries: North – Brahmaputra & Lohit Rivers; South – Dibru River.
- Functions as both a National Park and a Biosphere Reserve.
Vegetation & Climate:
- Vegetation: Moist mixed semi-evergreen and deciduous forests.
- Unique feature: Largest salix swamp forest in northeastern India.
- Climate: Tropical monsoon – hot, wet summers; cool, usually dry winters.
Flora: Key species: Dillenia indica, Bischofia javanica, Bombax ceiba, Lagerstroemia parviflora, etc.
Fauna:
- Mammals: Tiger, Elephant, Leopard, Jungle Cat, Bears, Small Indian Civet, Squirrels, Assamese Macaque, Slow Loris.
- Aquatic species: Gangetic Dolphin.
Avifauna:
- Important Bird Area (IBA) – 382+ bird species.
- Key birds: Greater Adjutant Stork, Lesser Adjutant Stork, Greater Crested Grebe, etc.
Significance:
- Biodiversity hotspot of Assam.
- Supports rare swamp forests, endangered species, and migratory birds.
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