Why in News:
The Supreme Court ruled that no riverbed mining can be approved without a scientific sand replenishment study, upholding the NGT’s cancellation of clearance for a J&K project. The Court stressed such studies are essential to ensure sustainable extraction and protect river ecosystems.
Description:
1. Establishment & Legal Basis
- Established: 2010
- Under: National Green Tribunal Act, 2010
- Purpose: Effective and expeditious disposal of cases related to:
- Environmental protection
- Conservation of forests
- Other natural resources
2. Nature & Functioning
- Specialized body with expertise in handling multi-disciplinary environmental disputes.
- Procedure: Not bound by Civil Procedure Code, 1908; guided by principles of natural justice.
- Timeline: Endeavours to dispose of applications or appeals within 6 months of filing.
3. Locations
- Principal Seat: New Delhi
- Other Seats: Bhopal, Pune, Kolkata, Chennai
4. Composition
- Chairperson: Retired Supreme Court judge
- Judicial Members: Retired High Court judges
- Expert Members: Professionals with minimum 15 years’ experience in environment or forest conservation fields
5. Key Features
- Handles civil cases related to environmental damage and forest/natural resource disputes.
- Focuses on speedy justice and technical expertise in environmental matters.
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