Why in News?
The Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) August 2025, released by MOSPI, showed India’s overall unemployment rate falling to 5.1% (a five-month low). However, joblessness among female youth (15–29) rose for the third time in four months, even as male youth unemployment declined.
Description:
- Launched by National Statistical Office (NSO) under the Ministry of Statistics & Programme Implementation (MoSPI).
- Started in 2017 to provide more frequent labour market data (earlier surveys were quinquennial).
Objectives:
- Generate key employment & unemployment indicators every month (rural + urban) under Current Weekly Status (CWS).
- Extend Quarterly PLFS to rural areas → quarterly labour estimates for both rural & urban.
- Provide annual estimates of key indicators under:
- Usual Status (ps+ss)
- Current Weekly Status (CWS).
Indicators Measured:
| Indicator | Meaning |
| Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR) | % of population (15+ yrs) in labour force |
| Worker Population Ratio (WPR) | % of population actually employed |
| Unemployment Rate (UR) | % of labour force unemployed |
Methodology:
- Sample Design revamped (Jan 2025):
- Introduced monthly rotational panel for rural & urban households.
- Each selected household visited 4 times in 4 consecutive months.
- Provides:
- Monthly estimates (CWS).
- Quarterly estimates (rural + urban).
- Annual estimates (usual & CWS).
Importance:
- First official high-frequency labour survey in India.
- Supports evidence-based policy on jobs, skilling, urbanisation, and social security.
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