Why in News?
AstroSat, India’s first multi-wavelength space observatory launched in 2015, has completed 10 years of operations, surpassing its designed 5-year mission life and continuing to deliver valuable astronomical data.
Description:
- India’s first dedicated multi-wavelength space observatory
- Launched on 28 September 2015 by PSLV-C30 (XL) from Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota
- Designed mission life: 5 years → Still operational in 2025 (10 years completed)
- Managed by: ISRO Telemetry, Tracking and Command Network (ISTRAC), Bengaluru
Objectives:
- Study celestial sources in X-ray, optical, UV simultaneously.
- Understand high-energy processes in binary star systems (black holes, neutron stars).
- Study star formation within and beyond our galaxy.
- Detect new X-ray sources.
- Conduct UV deep-field survey of the Universe.
Major Achievements:
- Observed sources ranging from Proxima Centauri (nearest star) to galaxies 9.3 billion light years away.
- First-time detection of FUV (Far Ultraviolet) photons from distant galaxies.
- Provided insights into black holes, neutron stars, and star birth regions.
Scientific Payloads (5):
- UVIT – Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (UV region).
- LAXPC – Large Area X-ray Proportional Counter (high-energy X-rays).
- CZTI – Cadmium-Zinc-Telluride Imager (hard X-rays).
- SXT – Soft X-ray Telescope.
- SSM – Scanning Sky Monitor.
Institutional Collaboration:
- Developed by ISRO with participation of:
- IUCAA (Pune)
- TIFR (Mumbai)
- IIA (Bengaluru)
- RRI (Bengaluru)
- International partners: Canada & U.K.
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