New START Treaty (New Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty)

Why in News?

Russia offered to voluntarily maintain limits on deployed strategic nuclear weapons for a year under the New START Treaty, the last remaining U.S.-Russia arms control pact expiring in February 2026. The move comes amid rising tensions and global nuclear modernization efforts.

Description:

• Type: Bilateral nuclear arms control treaty between USA and Russia.
• Signed: April 8, 2010 (Prague)
• Entered into force: February 5, 2011
• Extended: In 2021 for 5 years (till February 2026)
• Replaced: START I (1991) and superseded SORT (2002)

Objective:

• To limit and reduce strategic offensive arms.
• To cap nuclear warheads well below Cold War levels.
• To ensure verification and transparency between the USA & Russia.

Key Provisions:

• Max 1,550 deployed nuclear warheads.
• Max 700 deployed ICBMs, SLBMs & heavy bombers.
• Max 800 total launchers (deployed + non-deployed).
• Includes on-site inspections, data exchange & verification.

Significance:

• Last remaining nuclear arms control treaty between USA & Russia.
• Reduces risk of nuclear arms race.
• Supports NPT goals (Article VI – disarmament).
• First verifiable U.S.–Russia arms treaty since START I (1994).

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