Paper: GS – II, Subject: International Relations, Topic: Agreement Involving India, Issue: India–EU Relations.
Context:
India–EU Relations are deepening amid global shifts, highlighted by President of the European Council António Costa and President of the European Commission Ursula von der Leyen’s visit as chief guests for India’s Republic Day on January 26, 2026, alongside the EU-India Summit on January 27.
Key Highlights:
Key Areas Collaboration:
| Area | Highlights |
| Trade & Investment | Near-final EU-India FTA (revived 2021) to cut tariffs, boost exports (India: textiles/pharma; EU: autos/machinery), FDI, and value chains; supports IMEC corridor. |
| Technology & Innovation | Joint self-sufficiency in AI, semiconductors, 6G, quantum via Trade & Technology Council; mobility for students/scientists; counters global duopoly. |
| Security & Defence | Collaboration on platforms, maritime/cyber/space domains, counter-terrorism (focus on Pakistan sources); potential Security & Defence Partnership. |
| Other Pillars | Climate (green hydrogen, resilient infra), Global South development, multilateralism; bilaterals with France (nuclear/defence), Germany (economic), Nordics/East Europe. |
Bilateral Relations with EU Member States:
- France: Strong and reliable strategic partner with consistent support in the UN and long-standing collaboration in defense, nuclear, and space.
- Germany: Major economic partner developing stronger defense and strategic cooperation.
- Spain and Italy: Prioritizing India in their foreign policy agendas.
- Nordic Countries: Emerging as new frontiers of India’s engagement.
- Eastern Europe: Growing attention to the strategically important and dynamic east.
Challenges and Constraints:
- Influence in a World Dominated by Major Powers: Navigating the complexities of a world influenced by major powers.
- EU Cohesion: Maintaining cohesion and unity within the EU, with sovereign capabilities and an independent foreign and security policy.
- Divergent Relationships: India’s relationship with Russia and Europe’s relations with China create concerns.
- Multilateral Forums: Clashes in multilateral forums and on political and human rights issues.
- Public Perceptions: Negative public perceptions and narratives on both sides impose constraints.
- Need for Mutual Respect: Continuous engagement, greater mutual sensitivity and respect, collaboration over censure, and dialogue over prescription are essential.
The familiar world order is unlikely to return, making the India-EU partnership crucial. By turning the turbulence of a world in transition into opportunities, India and Europe can steer their populations towards a future of resilience, security, and prosperity.
Source: (The Indian Express)
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