Context: The Archaeological Survey of India is conducting excavations at Balirajgarh (Bihar) to study its link with ancient Mithila civilisation.
About Balirajgarh:
- Location & Extent: Located in Madhubani district (Bihar); spread over ~176 acres in the Gangetic plains.
- Archaeological Features: Contains massive brick fortifications; indicates a large urban settlement.
- Cultural Phases & Significance: Continuous habitation across Mauryan, Shunga, Kushan, Gupta, and Pala; linked to Mithila civilisation and early urbanisation.
Archaeological Survey of India (ASI):
- Established: 1861 by Alexander Cunningham.
- Ministry: Functions under the Ministry of Culture.
- Role: Responsible for archaeological research, excavation, conservation, and protection of monuments.
- Legal Basis: Administers the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains Act, 1958 (AMASR Act).
- Key Functions: Excavations and surveys, conservation of heritage sites, epigraphy and numismatics studies
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