Context:
Supreme Court extends Persons with Disabilities (RPwD) Act, 2016 to persons forced To consume acid & suffer internal injuries without external disfigurement. The judgment broadens access to disability benefits, rehabilitation, and state support for survivors.
- The Supreme Court of India interpreted provisions of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (RPwD) Act, 2016 in an inclusive manner.
- Acid attack survivors often suffer permanent physical, psychological, social, and economic trauma.
- The RPwD Act includes “acid attack victims” among specified benchmark disabilities eligible for reservation, rehabilitation, and welfare benefits.
- The case highlighted that acid ingestion can damage internal organs such as the food pipe, stomach, intestines, and respiratory tract even without external scars.
- Disability in law is increasingly interpreted using the “social model of disability,” focusing on barriers faced by individuals rather than only visible impairment.
- Article 14 of the Constitution guarantees equality before law and equal protection of laws, which influenced the Court’s reasoning.
- The judgment strengthens victim-centric justice, rehabilitation rights, and access to compensation and social welfare schemes.
- The ruling also reflects the judiciary’s broader role in expanding substantive rights and inclusive interpretation of welfare legislation.
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