Context:
A sixth tiger has reportedly died in Madhya Pradesh’s Kanha Tiger Reserve due to suspected Canine Distemper Virus infection. The incident raises concerns about disease transmission from domestic or stray dogs to wildlife in protected areas.
- Canine Distemper Virus (CDV) is a highly contagious viral disease mainly affecting dogs, but it can also infect wild carnivores such as tigers, lions, leopards, foxes and wolves.
- It spreads through respiratory droplets, body fluids and close contact with infected animals, especially unvaccinated domestic or stray dogs near forest areas.
- In big cats, CDV can cause fever, lung infection, neurological symptoms, weakness and death, making it a serious wildlife health concern.
- Kanha Tiger Reserve is located in Madhya Pradesh and forms part of the Central Indian tiger landscape.
- Disease spillover from domestic animals to wildlife is an example of the One Health approach, which links human, animal and environmental health.
- Such outbreaks highlight the need for wildlife disease surveillance, vaccination of dogs near buffer zones, carcass testing, habitat management and control of human–wildlife interface.
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