Context:
Jharkhand’s megalithic sites, including Chokahatu in Ranchi district, are facing neglect and damage due to open-cast coal mining and developmental projects. These sites are important archaeological and sociological markers of tribal culture and ancestor worship.

Explanation:
- Megaliths are large stone structures used by ancient and tribal communities for burial, memorial and ritual purposes.
- They are found across India, especially in Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Northeast India, Deccan and South India.
- Jharkhand’s megaliths are closely linked with Adivasi traditions, ancestor worship, clan memory and sacred landscapes.
- Chokahatu megalithic site near Ranchi is considered one of the important tribal megalithic landscapes.
- Mining, urbanisation and infrastructure projects threaten such heritage sites.
- These sites show continuity between archaeology and living tribal culture.
- Some of the most important megalithic sites in India include Brahmagiri and Maski (Karnataka), Adichanallur (Tamil Nadu), Junapani (Maharashtra), Dolmenkal (Telangana), Hire Benakal (Karnataka), and Mao (Manipur).
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Megalithic Heritage and Conservation Challenges