Context
The President of India, after consultation with the Chief Justice of India (CJI), appointed an Additional Judge as a permanent Judge of the Calcutta High Court and extended the tenure of six Additional Judges for six months from August 31, 2026.
Explanation
- Article 217 provides for the appointment of High Court judges by the President of India after consultation with the CJI, Governor of the State and Chief Justice of the concerned High Court.
- A High Court judge holds office until the age of 62 years.
- Article 224 empowers the President to appoint Additional Judges when there is a temporary increase in business or accumulation of arrears.
- An Additional Judge can be appointed for a period not exceeding two years and cannot continue after attaining 62 years.
- The Constitution also permits appointment of Acting Judges under Article 224 when a permanent judge is unable to perform duties.
- Under Article 224A, a retired High Court judge may sit and act as a judge of a High Court with the President’s previous consent.
- In practice, judicial appointments operate through the Collegium system, evolved through the Three Judges Cases.
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