Context
Recently, the Manipur government announced its intention to pursue an update of the National Register of Citizens (NRC) using 1951 as the base year. The issue has gained significance amid concerns over undocumented migration from Myanmar, alongside the forthcoming Census and delimitation exercise.
Explanation
- The NRC is a register intended to identify Indian citizens and distinguish them from persons not legally entitled to citizenship.
- The first NRC was prepared in 1951, following the 1951 Census, recording particulars of persons enumerated during that exercise.
- Citizenship is a Union subject under Entry 17 of the Union List; Parliament regulates it through the Citizenship Act, 1955.
- The Citizenship (Registration of Citizens and Issue of National Identity Cards) Rules, 2003, framed under the Citizenship Act, provide the legal framework for preparation of the National Register of Indian Citizens (NRIC).
- NRC is distinct from the Census: the Census collects demographic information, while NRC concerns identification of citizens.
- Assam’s NRC, updated under a distinct historical and legal framework, used 24 March 1971 as the cut-off date.
- Manipur shares an international border with Myanmar, making cross-border migration a significant governance and security issue.
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Manipur NRC