Context
The IAEA Board of Governors has reported Iran to the UN Security Council (UNSC) for failing to adequately cooperate with an investigation into uranium traces found at undeclared nuclear sites. The resolution was introduced by the US, UK, France and Germany.
Explanation
- The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is an autonomous international organisation established in 1957 and headquartered in Vienna, Austria.
- It promotes the peaceful use of nuclear energy while verifying that nuclear material is not diverted towards nuclear weapons.
- Under the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), non-nuclear-weapon States accept IAEA safeguards to verify their nuclear activities.
- Iran is an NPT party and is therefore subject to IAEA safeguards inspections.
- IAEA inspectors can verify declared nuclear material and investigate indications of undeclared nuclear activities under applicable safeguards arrangements.
- The IAEA Board of Governors has 35 members and is one of the Agency’s two policy-making bodies, along with the General Conference.
- Serious safeguards non-compliance can be reported to the UNSC, which may consider measures under the UN Charter.
- IAEA is not a UN specialised agency; it is linked to the UN through a special relationship agreement.
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