Context
The Central Consumer Protection Authority (CCPA) imposed a ₹10 lakh penalty on Rapido for misleading advertisements, unfair trade practices, unfair contracts and use of dark patterns in pre-ride payment prompts. It directed Rapido to discontinue practices that steer consumers towards paying more before ride confirmation.
Explanation
- Dark patterns are deceptive user-interface practices designed to manipulate consumers into choices they may not otherwise make.
- The Guidelines for Prevention and Regulation of Dark Patterns, 2023 identify specified dark patterns and operate under the Consumer Protection Act, 2019.
- Confirm Shaming uses pressure, fear or guilt to influence consumer decisions. Rapido suggested that paying more could increase the chance of securing a ride.
- Interface Interference manipulates interface design to favour particular choices. Rapido’s colour-coded pricing slider visually encouraged higher payments.
- CCPA held that an advance payment cannot be portrayed as a genuine tip, which should remain voluntary.
- Motor Vehicle Aggregator Guidelines, 2025 require the tipping option to be available only after completion of the ride.
- CCPA protects consumers as a class against unfair trade practices and misleading advertisements.
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