Paper: GS – II, Subject: International Relations, Topic: India’s foreign policy, Issue: India-Japan ties.
Context:
PM Narendra Modi’s visit to Japan and China (August 29) comes amid flux in global geopolitics.India-China ties show tentative easing after Galwan (2020), while India–US ties face uncertainty under Trump administration.Engagement with Japan carries wider regional and strategic significance.
Key Highlights:
Japan’s Major Investment Plan:
- Announcement: ¥10 trillion ($68 bn) investment in India over next decade.
- Sectors covered: Infrastructure, manufacturing, clean energy, technology.
- Significance:
- Largest-ever Japanese investment in India.
- Signals long-term stake in India’s growth, even as global investors remain cautious about China.
- High-Speed Rail: Investment in E10-series Shinkansen for Mumbai–Ahmedabad corridor which reflects Tokyo’s willingness to transfer cutting-edge technology.
Strategic & Security Cooperation:
- Revision of 2008 Joint Declaration on Security Cooperation to align with new realities.
- Contemporary Security Initiative: Covers semiconductors, critical minerals, pharmaceuticals, clean energy.
- Defence Partnership: Reorientation to address Indo-Pacific challenges.
U.S. Factor: Strategic Balancing:
- Visit timing: After SCO Summit in China, it reflects balancing between Beijing and Tokyo.
- U.S. reliability as strategic partner uncertain under Trump’s unpredictability.
- Risk of Quad (India, Japan, Australia, U.S.) credibility being undermined.
- Despite U.S. inconsistency, Japan remains steady and dependable in Indo-Pacific engagement.
- India’s Diplomatic Compartmentalisation:
- With Tokyo: focus on economic security, defence cooperation, Indo-Pacific stability.
- With Beijing: managing tensions, confidence-building, keeping communication open.
- Importance: India avoids letting one relationship dictate the other.
Broader Implications of the visit:
- The upcoming visit not just short-term diplomacy, but signals India’s steady strategic intent.
- Economic: Diversifies India’s investment base beyond China and U.S. dependency.
- Strategic: Reinforces India’s Indo-Pacific positioning with Japan as anchor partner.
- Geopolitical: Enhances credibility of India’s balancing role between major powers and navigating Indo-Pacific challenges.
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