Paper: GS – II, Subject: Society and Social Justice, Topic: Social Sector- Human Resources, Issue: Challenges to India’s demographic dividend.
Context:
India has one of the world’s largest youth populations, with more than 800 million people below age 35. Traditionally considered an asset, this “demographic dividend” could become a demographic time bomb if not managed properly.
Key Highlights:
Changing Nature of Work:
Impact of Emerging Technologies:
- Artificial Intelligence (AI) is reshaping jobs and work structures. Many new jobs will be AI-driven, requiring new skillsets.
- Up to 70% of current jobs globally may be impacted and 30% could be automated.
Risk of Job Displacement:
- World Economic Forum (WEF) predicts 170 million new jobs by 2030 with the displacement of 92 million jobs in the same period.
- Net result is that Skill gap becomes critical national issue.
Challenges in Current System:
Youth Unrest: Disillusioned youth risk social unrest. Student civil disobedience or dissatisfaction may escalate if employability crisis persists.
Way Forward:
Conclusion:
India stands at a crossroads: Harness the demographic dividend by aligning skills with future jobs or face a demographic disaster with mass unemployment and social unrest. There is an urgent need for decisive policy, rapid skilling, and mindset shift to turn the youth bulge into a driver of growth rather than instability.
https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/indias-demographic-dividend-as-a-time-bomb/article69985845.ece
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