Paper: GS – II, Subject: Polity, Topic: Legislature, Issue: Permanent Framework for State Reorganisation Bill.
Context:
A recent Private Member’s Bill proposes a permanent framework for state reorganisation to address federal challenges caused by unequal state sizes and politically driven, ad-hoc decisions, aiming for a more systematic and balanced administrative approach.
Key Highlights:
Historical Context:
Initial State Creation:
- First significant need for states creation – Driven by Nation building and reducing regional tensions
- The States Reorganisation Commission (SRC) was established in 1953 to conduct an “objective and dispassionate” study for the welfare of the people.
- States – Formed on the basis of linguistic lines
Shift in Rationale:
- Later, need for states changed to address developmental and administrative needs.
- The formation of states like Uttarakhand, Chhattisgarh, and Jharkhand in 2000, and the bifurcation of Andhra Pradesh in 2014, were driven by socio-political imperatives rather than linguistic unity.
Case Study: Smaller states like Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand have shown better governance indicators in: Literacy, Health services and Infrastructure outreach
Current Challenges:
Scale of Governance: Many Indian states now have populations exceeding 50 million, with Uttar Pradesh alone surpassing 240 million, such large states pose significant administrative challenges.
Implementation Gaps:
- Policies crafted at the state capital often fail to reach the hinterlands, leading to inadequate public services and governance.
- Demand for smaller states – more responsive governance, bringing decision-making closer to the people.
Need for a Systematic Approach:
- Addressing demands for state reorganisation through reactive political measures can lead to instability and inefficiency. It needs a rational, comprehensive national policy is essential for effective state reorganisation, impacting budgets, infrastructure, and federal relations.
The proposed Bill seeks a permanent, modern framework for state reorganisation to ensure balanced governance and equitable development. By using a systematic, multi-factor approach, it aims to strengthen national unity, improve administration, and promote the welfare of all regions.
Source: (The Indian Express)
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