Paper: GS – II, Subject: International Relations, Topic: India and its neighborhood, Issue: Bangladesh Referendum and Polls.
Context:
On February 12, Bangladesh conducted its first elections since the ousting of former Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina, coinciding with a national referendum.
Key Takeaways:
- Key Players: The election features a contest between the Bangladesh National Party (BNP), led by Tarique Rahman, and a coalition led by the Islamist Jamaat-e-Islami.
- National Charter: The referendum centers on the July National Charter introduced by the interim government led by Muhammad Yunus, which proposes over 80 reforms.
| What is a Referendum means? A referendum is an instrument of direct democracy through which people can vote directly on a particular issue. It is a form of direct democracy in which citizens are allowed to vote on a specific issue or question, typically proposed by a government or other official body. The results of a referendum are then used to determine the course of action that will be taken by the government or other decision-making bodies. Scope of Referendums: Referendums have been used to decide on a wide range of issues, including: Constitutional amendments. Secessionist movements. Major political decisions e.g. Brexit. Controversial social issues such as same-sex marriage etc. |
Historical Context of Referendums in Bangladesh:
- Previous Referendums: Bangladesh has held three referendums prior to the current one, focusing on public confidence in leadership and governance.
- Reinstatement: The provision for referendums was abolished in 2011 but reinstated by the High Court in 2024 after Hasina’s removal.
Reasons for the Charter:
- Democratic Restoration: The charter aims to establish democracy and prevent the return of authoritarian rule following Hasina’s ousting.
- Public Vote: The interim government has emphasized the importance of a public vote to decide on the implementation of constitutional changes.
The referendum in Bangladesh represents a critical juncture in the country’s political evolution. It not only addresses immediate governance issues but also reflects the broader struggle for democratic integrity and representation. As the nation moves forward, the implications of this referendum will likely shape the political landscape for years to come.
Source: (The Indian Express)
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