Paper: GS – II, Subject: International Relations, Topic: India and Its Neighborhood, Issue: China building world’s largest dam.
Context:
China’s recent commencement of a massive hydropower project on the Yarlung Zangbo River, just before it enters Arunachal Pradesh as the Brahmaputra.
- The strategic and economic implications for both China and India, focusing on India’s concerns regarding potential downstream impacts, particularly the risk of flooding in the Siang region.
- The project, costing $137 billion, is part of China’s 14th Five-Year Plan (2021–2025) and Long-Range Objectives through 2035.
Key Takeaways:
Scale and Significance of the Project:
- The dam is projected to generate up to 60 gigawatts of power, triple the capacity of the Three Gorges Dam.
- It will produce 300 billion kWh of clean, renewable electricity annually, supporting Beijing’s clean energy targets and bolstering water security.
- The project will generate 20 billion yuan ($3 billion) annually for Tibet.
Understanding the Mega Dam Project:
India must respond with a mix of diplomacy, infrastructure upgrades, and regional cooperation.
The issue impacts not only water flow but also regional stability, economic growth, and environmental sustainability. Effectively addressing it will require long-term multilateral collaboration, innovation, and flexible strategies to navigate changing geopolitical and environmental landscapes.
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