Paper: GS – III, Subject: Science and Technology, Topic: Defence Technology, Issue: Swarm Drone Systems.
Context:
Drone warfare: Former Army Chief General M M Naravane warned that future wars would involve low technology, easy to obtain but difficult to defeat.
Key Highlights:
- Recent Examples of Drone Warfare: Ukraine’s Operation Spider’s Web: On June 1, 2023, Ukraine used cheap First Person View (FPV) drones to bomb five airbases deep in Russia, showcasing a new tactical approach to air warfare.
- Operation Sindoor: In May 2023, Pakistan employed low-cost drone swarms to attack Indian military facilities, aiming to overwhelm air defenses and gather intelligence.
- Historical Context: UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) have been utilized in military operations since WWII, with their use expanding significantly following the Gulf War in the early 1990s.
- The Nagorno-Karabakh conflict of 2020 highlighted the effectiveness of drones in modern warfare, as Azerbaijan utilized drones to shift the dynamics of conflict.
Capabilities and Challenges of Swarm Drones:
Conclusion:
The future of warfare is shifting toward unmanned (Drone warfare: Former Army Chief General M M Naravane warned that future wars would involve low technology, easy to obtain but difficult to defeat.), AI-driven combat, intensifying the necessity for militaries to adapt. General Anil Chauhan’s remarks highlight that warfare may evolve to involve not just humans versus machines but increasingly autonomous machines as well.
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