Paper: GS – III, Subject: Indian Economy, Topic: Banking and Financial Intermediaries, Issue: Catastrophe Bonds.
Context:
Catastrophe bonds (cat bonds) are an innovative financial instrument designed to help manage the risk associated with natural disasters.
Key Takeaways:
Understanding Catastrophe bonds (cat bonds):
- Catastrophe bonds are hybrid financial instruments that combine features of insurance and debt.
- They allow at-risk entities, usually sovereign states, to transfer defined disaster risks to investors.Â
- In the event of a predefined natural disaster, investors lose a part or all of their principal, which is then used for post-disaster relief and reconstruction.Â
- If no disaster occurs during the bond’s tenure, investors receive their principal back along with a relatively high coupon (interest) rate.
- These bonds effectively turn a country’s hazard exposure into a tradable security, opening access to a wider pool of capital beyond traditional insurers and reinsurers.Â
- This reduces counterparty risk and enables faster payouts, essential in times of crisis.


Catastrophe Bonds: Stakeholders, Adoption, and Challenges:

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