Paper: GS – III, Subject: Science and Technology, Topic: Space Technology, Issue: Aditya-L1 Mission.
Context:
India is pursuing self-reliance in solar research through Aditya-L1, its first solar observatory at Lagrange Point 1, to study solar activity affecting Earth’s technology systems.
Key Takeaways:
| Understanding Solar Activity and Its Impact: Solar Flares: Massive explosions on the Sun’s surface caused by sudden releases of magnetic energy. Emit radiation across the electromagnetic spectrum from radio waves to X-rays and gamma rays. Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs): Huge bursts of plasma and magnetic field ejected from the Sun’s corona. Can cause geomagnetic storms that affect satellites, space missions, and power systems. Solar Wind: A steady stream of charged particles emitted from the Sun. Interacts with Earth’s magnetic field, creating auroras and occasionally disturbing radio communication. |
India’s Strategic Initiatives: Aditya-L1 Mission:
- India launched its first space observatory, Aditya-L1, in September 2023, positioning it at Lagrange point 1 (L1) to continuously observe the sun.
- L1 Location: L1 is located 1.5 million km from Earth, on the line connecting the sun and the Earth.
- Mission Objectives: Aditya-L1 captures high-resolution images and spectra of the solar atmosphere.
- Future Space Missions: Plans include deploying instruments at other strategic locations, such as L4 and L5, to create a comprehensive observation network.
Challenges:
- Data transmission from L4 and L5, which are 30 million km from Earth, poses a challenge.
- Ground-Based Facilities: Enhancements to ground-based facilities are underway, including the proposed National Large Solar Telescope.
- National Large Solar Telescope: A two-meter-class ground-based telescope will study the sun’s lower atmosphere with high resolution.
Key Challenges in Solar Physics:
India’s push for self-reliance in solar physics through Aditya-L1, new telescopes, and research initiatives strengthens its space ecosystem and ensures a secure, technology-resilient future.
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