Paper: GS – II, Subject: International Relations, Topic: Agreement involving India, Issue: India – U.S. Defence Deal.
Context:
India and the U.S. signed a 10-year defence partnership framework at the 12th ASEAN Defence Ministers’ Meeting-Plus(ADMM-Plus) in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Key Takeaways:
| Background: US designated India as a Major Defense Partner (MDP) in 2016, a status that facilitates defense trade and technology transfers at levels comparable to America’s closest allies. Strategic Agreements and Logistics Cooperation: India and the US have signed several foundational agreements, that have significantly boosted operational coordination, especially in the Indo-Pacific, like: Logistics Exchange Memorandum of Agreement (LEMOA), 2016: Allows the armed forces of both countries to use each other’s bases for refueling and resupply. Communications Compatibility and Security Agreement (COMCASA), 2018: Enables secure communications between their military platforms. Basic Exchange and Cooperation Agreement (BECA), 2020: Facilitates sharing of geospatial intelligence and satellite data for military use. COMPACT Initiative: Both sides have launched the COMPACT initiative (Catalyzing Opportunities for Military Partnership, Accelerated Commerce and Technology).COMPACT aims to drive transformative changes in key areas of defence cooperation. Joint Military Exercises: India and the US regularly conduct joint military exercises to enhance interoperability and readiness. Some notable exercises include: Malabar (Naval Exercise): Conducted with Japan and Australia as part of the Quad alliance. Yudh Abhyas (Army Exercise): Enhances land warfare coordination. Vajra Prahar (Special Forces Exercise): Strengthens counterterrorism capabilities. Cope India (Air Force Exercise): Focuses on aerial combat and air superiority. |
Key Objectives and Focus Areas:
- The framework covers all defence domains: land, maritime, air, space, and cyberspace.
- It focuses on maintaining a free and open Indo-Pacific region.
- It aims to enhance interoperability between the two militaries.
- It seeks to strengthen maritime security to ensure the free flow of commerce.
- It expands cooperation with like-minded partners through mechanisms like the Quad.
- It aims to prevent the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction.
- It bolsters defence industrial innovation through advanced technology partnerships.
India-U.S. Defence Framework and COMPACT Inititive:
By focusing on interoperability, technology sharing, and a shared vision for regional security, the agreement aims to enhance their ability to address common threats and promote stability in the Indo-Pacific region.
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