Paper: GS – II, Subject: International Relations, Topic: International Institutions, Issue: Nobel Prize in Peace.
Context:
- The 2025 Nobel Peace Prize has been awarded to Maria Corina Machado, a Venezuelan politician, for her tireless work promoting democratic rights for the people of Venezuela.
- The Nobel Committee has described her as “one of the most extraordinary examples of civilian courage in Latin America in recent times”.
Maria Corina Machado: A Champion of Democracy
- Emergence as Opposition Leader: Over the past two decades, Machado has emerged as one of the staunchest opponents of the Chavista regime.
- Background: Born into a well-off family in Caracas in 1967, Machado obtained degrees in industrial engineering and finance.
- Atenea Foundation: In 1992, she established the Atenea Foundation, which works with street children in Caracas.
- Campaign for Referendum: In 2003, Súmate organized a campaign to force a constitutionally-permitted referendum to remove Chávez.
- Accusations and Charges: After the referendum, Chávez branded the leaders of Súmate as “conspirators” and “lackeys of the US government,” and Machado was charged with treason and conspiracy.
Political Career
- Evolution from Watchdog to Politician: Machado initially presented herself as an election watchdog, interested in the sanctity of the democratic process.
- Presidential Candidacy: In the late 2000s, she emerged as one of the most popular figures in Venezuela’s opposition.
- She declared her candidacy for the 2012 presidential elections but lost to Henrique Capriles in the primary.
Note:
| year | Laureate | Category | Contribution and Work |
| 2014 | Kailash Satyarthi | Peace | Advocacy for children’s rights and fight against child labor. |
| 1979 | Mother Teresa | Peace | Selfless work with the poor and sick in Kolkata, founded Missionaries of Charity. |
https://indianexpress.com/article/world/nobel-peace-prize-2025-winner-full-list-10298797
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