Paper: GS – II, Subject: Governance, Topic: Government policies, Issue: Eliminating TB by 2025.
Context:
India’s progress towards eliminating tuberculosis (TB) by 2025, based on the Global TB Report 2025.
Key Takeaways:
| What is Tuberculosis? Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that most often affects the lungs and is caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It spreads through the air when infected people cough, sneeze or spit. Symptoms: prolonged cough (sometimes with blood), chest pain, weakness, fatigue, weight loss, fever, night sweats. While TB usually affects the lungs, it also affects the kidneys, brain, spine and skin.Treatment: It is preventable and curable with antibiotics. TB Vaccine: The Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine remains the only licensed vaccine against TB; it provides moderate protection against severe forms of TB (TB meningitis) in infants and young children. |
National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme (NTEP):
- The National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme (NTEP) aims to eliminate tuberculosis (TB) in India by 2025.
- The target includes reducing TB incidence by 80%, decreasing TB-related deaths by 90%, and ensuring zero catastrophic costs for TB patients.
- The programme is guided by the National Strategic Plan 2017-2025 and is implemented under four strategic pillars: Detect, Treat, Prevent, and Build (DTPB).
- These pillars focus on comprehensive approaches to address the disease.
- Aligned with the World Health Organization’s (WHO) End Tuberculosis Strategy and the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the program works towards eliminating TB as a public health threat.
Key Challenges in India’s TB Elimination Efforts:
While India faces significant challenges in its fight to eliminate TB by 2025, the country has made progress in reducing TB cases and deaths. By addressing the key challenges and implementing innovative strategies, India can accelerate its efforts to combat TB and achieve its elimination goals.
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