| Context: The vision of Viksit Bharat @2047 aims to transform India into a developed nation characterized by economic prosperity, social equity, technological advancement, and sustainable development. A critical triad in realizing this vision is the synergistic relationship between education, skill development, and employment. |
Model Answer:
Interrelationship:
- Education lays the foundation for human capital by fostering critical thinking, literacy, and adaptability.
- Skill development bridges the gap between academic knowledge and practical industry needs through vocational training and hands-on expertise.
- Employment is the economic manifestation of education and skills, contributing to productivity, innovation, and national income.
- A well-educated and skilled population leads to:
- Increased labour force participation,
- Promotion of entrepreneurship and self-employment,
- Enhanced global competitiveness, especially in emerging sectors like AI, green energy, and semiconductors.
Challenges of Achieving Viksit Bharat:
- Skill mismatch: Curriculum often lacks industry relevance.
- High youth unemployment: Over 20% among graduates (Periodic Labour Force Survey).
- Poor quality of education: Low learning outcomes in foundational years (ASER Report). As per World Bank, learning poverty is at 70%.
- Regional disparities: Urban-rural divide in access to skill development infrastructure.
- Low female workforce participation, (40%) due to socio-economic and workplace constraints, despite educational gains.
Measures Needed:
- Educational integration: Implement the National Education Policy 2020 effectively with emphasis on experiential learning and vocational training.
- Policy and industry connect: Align skilling programs with Industry 4.0 needs under schemes like PM Kaushal Vikas Yojana.
- Utilising PPPs: Strengthen public-private partnerships in education and skill development.
- Leveraging digital tools: Expand digital infrastructure to deliver e-learning and skilling in remote areas.
- Training ecosystem: Promote apprenticeships, internships, and startup ecosystems to link training with employment.
Conclusion:
Education, skill development, and employment are interdependent pillars. A coherent strategy integrating all three is essential for realizing the dream of Viksit Bharat and New India.
+1 value addition:
- Unemployment rate declined to 3.2% in 2023-24 from 6.0% in 2017-18.
- Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR) increased from 49.3% to 50.4%, and the Worker-to-Population Ratio (WPR) rose from 46% to 47.2% during the same period (Q2 of FY24 to Q2 FY25).
- 88.2 % of workforce are involved in low-competency occupations- elementary skilled and semi-skilled occupational skills.
- PLFS data shows that 90.2 % of the workforce has equivalent to or less than a secondary level of education.
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