Why in News?
On the second anniversary of Aditya-L1 reaching the Sun–Earth L1 point, ISRO highlighted the growing scientific utilisation of its solar data, with large volumes released in the public domain.
Description:
Key Terms:
- Aditya-L1: India’s first dedicated space-based solar observatory.
- Sun–Earth L1 (Lagrange Point-1): A gravitationally stable point located ~1.5 million km from Earth towards the Sun.
- Heliophysics: Study of the Sun and its influence on the solar system, especially space weather.
About Aditya-L1:
- Launch date: 2 September 2023
- L1 insertion: 6 January 2024 (after ~127 days)
- Orbit: Halo orbit around Sun–Earth L1
- Nature: Observation mission (not a landing mission)
Why L1 Point is Chosen:
- Enables continuous, uninterrupted observation of the Sun.
- Free from Earth’s eclipses and occultation.
- Ideal for monitoring solar phenomena affecting space weather.
Scientific Objectives:
- Study the solar photosphere, chromosphere, and corona.
- Understand solar flares, coronal mass ejections (CMEs), and solar wind.
- Improve prediction of space weather events impacting satellites, communication, and power grids.
Payload Overview:
- Total payloads: 7
- VELC (Visible Emission Line Coronagraph): Studies solar corona and CMEs
- SUIT (Solar Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope): Images photosphere and chromosphere
- SoLEXS (Solar Low Energy X-ray Spectrometer): Observes solar flares (X-rays)
- HEL1OS (High Energy L1 Orbiting X-ray Spectrometer): Studies high-energy solar flares
- ASPEX (Aditya Solar wind Particle Experiment): Measures solar wind particles
- PAPA (Plasma Analyser Package for Aditya): Analyses solar wind plasma properties
- MAG (Magnetometer): Measures interplanetary magnetic field
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