Context: Researchers from CSIR-CCMB have reported high levels of Anti-Microbial Resistance (AMR) in bacteria causing eye infections in India, with over 45% samples showing multidrug resistance
- Anti-Microbial Resistance (AMR) occurs when microbes evolve to resist the effects of drugs, making infections harder to treat.
- Multidrug resistance (MDR) refers to resistance to multiple antibiotics, while XDR indicates resistance to most available drugs.
- Empirical therapy involves starting treatment before identifying the exact pathogen, often contributing to AMR.
- Whole-genome sequencing helps identify resistance genes and mutations in pathogens.
- AMR is a major global health threat, recognized by WHO, affecting treatment outcomes and increasing mortality.
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