Context: Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) permitted the Tamil Nadu State Department of Archaeology to conduct excavations at Keeladi and other sites.
Keeladi:
- An archaeological site in Sivaganga district (Tamil Nadu) associated with Sangam-era urban settlement along the Vaigai River.
- Excavations have revealed brick structures, ring wells, Tamil-Brahmi inscriptions, and industrial activity, indicating an urbanised and literate society in early historic South India.
About ASI
- Established: 1861 by Alexander Cunningham (“Father of Indian Archaeology”); under the Ministry of Culture.
- Role: Apex body for archaeological research and protection of cultural heritage in India.
- Legal & Functions: Governed by the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains Act, 1958 (AMASR Act); undertakes excavations, conservation, epigraphy, and site management.
- Protection & Regulation: Maintains ~3,600 centrally protected monuments and grants excavation permissions under AMASR Rules, 1959.
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