Why in News?
Assam and Mizoram have drafted new rules to curb illegal immigration and strengthen border security. Assam has limited Aadhaar issuance powers to District Commissioners, while Mizoram plans to confiscate identity cards of frequently crossing Myanmar nationals to regulate border movement. These measures are part of broader efforts to enhance Border Security Force (BSF) coordination and tighten identification procedures.
Description:
- Established: 1st December 1965 (post Indo-Pak War of 1965)
- Ministry: Functions under the Ministry of Home Affairs
- Type: One of the seven Central Armed Police Forces (CAPFs)
- Motto: “Duty Unto Death”
Key Roles & Functions:
- Acts as the First Line of Defence of Indian territories.
- Protects land borders during peacetime and prevents transnational crimes.
- Assists the Indian Army in wartime, especially due to knowledge of local terrain and people.
- Engaged in:
- India-Pakistan & India-Bangladesh International Borders
- Line of Control (LoC) alongside Army
- Anti-Naxal Operations
Special Features:
- World’s largest border guarding force: ~2.57 lakh personnel, 186 battalions
- Only CAPF to have its own:
- Air Wing
- Marine Wing
- Artillery Regiments
- Operates a Camel and Dog wing (e.g., for Rann of Kutch)
- Maintains a unique Tear Smoke Unit (TSU) for riot control
Powers & Legal Authority:
- Empowered under several Acts:
- Passport Act, 1967
- Passport (Entry into India) Act, 1920
- Customs Act
- NDPS Act
- Arms Act
- Authorized for arrest, search, and seizure under these laws
Leadership:
- Headed by a Director General (DG), an officer from the Indian Police Service (IPS)
Logo:
- Features two grain spikes, the National Emblem, and the words “BSF”
- Motto “Duty Unto Death” inscribed at the bottom
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