Why in News?
The Ministry of Home Affairs is considering raising Border Wing Home Guards (BWHGs) along the India–China border, similar to their role on the Pakistan front, to support the Army and ITBP in intelligence, patrolling, and civilian coordination in sensitive areas.
Description:
- Raised under the Home Guards Act, 1962 to assist state police and central forces.
- Functions as an auxiliary volunteer force supporting the Border Security Force (BSF) in border/coastal states.
- Organised and maintained by State Governments / UT Administrations, but works in coordination with BSF.
Objectives & Role:
- Support BSF and police in anti-infiltration, smuggling prevention, and border vigilance.
- Assist during internal disturbances, law & order issues, disaster relief, and elections in border regions.
- Act as a reserve to augment border security during heightened threats.
Organisation & Recruitment:
| Aspect | Details |
| Controlling Authority | Directorate General, Fire Services, Civil Defence & Home Guards (MHA). |
| Recruitment | By State/UT Governments through volunteer drives. |
| Eligibility | Indian citizens (18–50 yrs), medically fit; a wide range of civilian professions can join. |
| Training | Basic training in security, patrolling, weapons, disaster management. |
| Service Nature | Part-time, honorary; called up as per operational needs. |
Distinction from BSF:
| Parameter | BWHG | BSF |
| Status | State-level volunteer auxiliary force | Central Armed Police Force (CAPF) |
| Recruitment | State/UT drives | UPSC – CAPF (AC) Exam |
| Rank | Volunteer (non-gazetted) | Assistant Commandant & above |
| Role | Support BSF & police | Primary border guarding along Pakistan & Bangladesh |
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