Why in News?
Over 4,000 new refugees from Myanmar entered Mizoram’s Champhai district following renewed clashes between Chin National Defence Force (CNDF) and Chinland Defence Force (CDF). The region was already hosting over 33,000 Chin refugees since Myanmar’s 2021 military coup.
Description:
Chin National Defence Force (CNDF):
- Formation: Established in April 2021 after the military coup in Myanmar.
- Parent Body: Armed wing of the Chin National Organisation (CNO).
- Objective: Protection of Chin State and resistance against the military junta.
- Tactics: Guerrilla warfare – ambushes, hit-and-run tactics.
- Armament: Primarily uses captured weapons and ammunition from the military.
- Territorial Base: Operates mainly in southern and central Chin State.
- Tensions: Has had clashes with other Chin resistance groups, especially over unification plans.
Chinland Defence Force (CDF):
- Formation: Emerged post-2021 coup; a broader resistance group in Chin State.
- Structure: A loose federation of multiple local armed groups under the same banner.
- Affiliations:
- Many CDF units are part of the Chinland Joint Defense Committee (CJDC).
- Tactics: Similar to CNDF – ambushes, hit-and-run attacks.
- Objective: Defend Chin population, resist the junta, and work towards self-rule.
- Chinland Council Participation: Many CDF factions participate in the council.
Chinland Council
- Nature: A self-governing political body aiming for autonomy in Chin State.
- Membership: Composed of representatives from:
- CNDF, CDF, and other Chin political/armed groups.
- Goal: Establishment of Chinland – a unified autonomous Chin homeland.
- Function: Coordinates governance, security, and political vision for Chin State.
- Challenges:
- Internal rifts between groups like CNDF and certain CDF factions.
- Disagreements over the structure and leadership of a unified Chinland.
Tensions & Clashes:
- Inter-group Conflicts:
- Clashes have occurred between different CDF factions and also between CNDF and CDF groups.
- Reason: Competing visions for Chinland formation, leadership disputes, and territorial control.
Related Groups to Know:
- Chin National Front (CNF):
- A long-standing Chin political and military organization.
- Sometimes cooperates with both CNDF and CDF.
- People’s Defense Forces (PDF):
- Broad anti-junta armed groups across Myanmar, often collaborating with Chin forces.
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