Why in News?
The India Meteorological Department (IMD) issued red and orange alerts for 23 districts of Andhra Pradesh as Cyclone Montha intensified over the Bay of Bengal, expected to make landfall near Kakinada, prompting high-level preparedness and deployment of NDRF/SDRF teams.
Description:
Name Origin: “Montha” was suggested by Thailand under the World Meteorological Organization’s rotating list for North Indian Ocean cyclones.
- Nature: Expected to intensify into a Severe Cyclonic Storm (SCS) with wind speeds 80–100 km/h, gusting to 110 km/h.
- Location: Over southeast Bay of Bengal, moving west-northwestward.
- Forecast Path: Likely to approach the Andhra Pradesh coast, affecting Tamil Nadu, Odisha, and possibly West Bengal and Jharkhand.
- Seasonal Pattern: Forms part of the post-monsoon cyclone season (October–December) — when the Bay of Bengal sees nearly 70% of India’s cyclonic activity.
IMD Alert Classification:
- Green: No warning
- Yellow: Be updated — moderate rain/wind expected
- Orange: Be prepared — very heavy rain (115.6–204.4 mm) and winds (62–88 km/h)
- Red: Take action — extremely heavy rainfall (>204.4 mm) and damaging winds
Indian Meteorological Department (IMD):
- Established: 1875
- Under: Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES)
- Headquarters: New Delhi
- Functions: Weather forecasting, meteorological data analysis, and issuing warnings for natural hazards including cyclones, monsoons, and heatwaves.
- Cyclone Monitoring Centres: Chennai, Kolkata, Mumbai, Ahmedabad, and New Delhi.
- RSMC, New Delhi: The Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre issues official cyclone advisories for the North Indian Ocean region to WMO members.
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