DHRUVA (Digital Hub for Reference and Unique Virtual Address)

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Why in News?

Department of Posts released a draft amendment to the Post Office Act, 2023 proposing an interoperable, standardised, UPI-like virtual address system for Indian addresses, known as DHRUVA (Digital Hub for Reference and Unique Virtual Address).

Description:

What is Being Proposed?

  • Replace the need to repeatedly type full physical addresses.
  • Introduce UPI-style interoperable virtual address labels provided by address service providers.
  • Permit users to authorise firms temporarily to access their address; access expires unless re-authorised.

How DHRUVA Works:

  • Built on DIGIPIN, a 10-character alphanumeric geolocation code encoding precise geolocation. DIGIPIN integrates with India’s digital public infrastructure (similar to NPCI’s role in UPI).
  • One DIGIPIN ≈ 14 square metre area resolution.
  • Allows individuals to provide a virtual label instead of physical address.
  • Firms receive geographic coordinates + address text through consent-based access.
  • Integrates with India’s digital public infrastructure (similar to NPCI’s role in UPI).

Institutional Architecture:

  • Address Service Providers (ASPs): Issue virtual labels.
  • Address Information Agents (AIAs): Manage user consent & authentication.
  • Government encourages participation by private players and large platforms.

User Features:

  • Users can:
    • Generate a virtual smart address label.
    • Grant/revoke access to companies for a limited time.
    • Avoid repeated filling forms; enable faster e-commerce delivery, KYC, logistics.

Significance:

  • Reduces friction in e-commerce, banking, KYC, and logistics.
  • Strengthens India’s digital identity stack (Aadhaar–DigiLocker–UPI ecosystem).
  • Helps rural addressing, where textual addresses may not provide sufficient accuracy.
  • Protects user privacy through consent-based disclosure.

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