Context: Recent analysis highlights that India’s nutrition system, historically focused on undernutrition, must now address rising overweight and obesity.
About Double Burden of Malnutrition:
- Definition: Refers to the coexistence of undernutrition and overnutrition (obesity) within the same population.
- Trend: Childhood overweight increased by over 120% in the last 15 years.
- Causes: Increased consumption of ultra-processed, calorie-dense foods and sedentary lifestyles.
- Income pattern: Poor face undernutrition (low diet diversity), while middle-income groups shift to processed foods → obesity.
- Health impact: Obesity is a major driver of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) such as diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases.
Key Terms:
- Wasting: Low weight-for-height, indicating acute undernutrition.
- Stunting: Low height-for-age, indicating chronic undernutrition.
- Overweight: Excess weight-for-height, reflecting excess calorie intake.
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