Why in News?
The Centre has released the Draft Seeds Bill 2025, proposing mandatory registration of seed varieties and strict penalties—including fines up to ₹30 lakh and three years’ imprisonment—for selling spurious or unregistered seeds, aiming to replace the outdated Seeds Act, 1966.
Description:
- Replaces Seeds Act, 1966 and Seeds (Control) Order, 1983.
- Modernises seed regulation, improves quality, ensures farmer protection, and supports innovation.
Scope- Regulates sale, import, export, production, distribution of seeds in India.
Seed Quality Standards:
- Mandatory compliance with Indian Minimum Seed Certification Standards:
- Germination, Genetic purity, Physical purity, Seed health, Trait expression
Mandatory Registration:
- All seed varieties must be registered. (Except farmer varieties & varieties produced only for export).
- Already notified varieties under 1966 Act → Deemed registered.
Dealer/Distributor Registration- Every seed dealer/distributor must obtain State government registration before business operations.
Liberalised Seed Imports:
- Central Government may import unregistered varieties for Research & Trials.
- Promotes innovation & global germplasm access.
Offence Classification:
- Offences divided into: Trivial,Minor,Major.
- Decriminalisation of minor offences → Ease of Doing Business.
Institutional Framework:
- Establishes: Central Seeds Committee & State Seeds Committees.
- Functions: Coordination, oversight, regulation, policy guidance.
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