Why in News?
The Ministry of Tribal Affairs (MoTA) is transitioning from fragmented Forest Rights Act (FRA) Cells to integrated “One-Stop” Project Monitoring Units (PMUs).
Description:
Key Structural Shift:
| Feature | Old Model: FRA Cells | New Model: One-Stop PMUs |
| Funding Source | MoTA’s ADIGRAMS / DAJGUA programs. | Integrated under a unified PMU budget. |
| Primary Focus | Human resource gaps and basic claim processing. | Holistic Integration: Livelihood, IT/MIS, and Policy support. |
| State Level Setup | Fragmented policy-specific cells. | 4 Experts: 1 FRA Support, 1 Livelihood, 1 IT/MIS, 1 Team Lead. |
| District Level Setup | High variability across 18 States. | 3 Experts: 2 FRA Support specialists, 1 MIS/Data expert. |
| Key Advantage | Established presence in 324 districts. | Improved coordination speed and data-driven monitoring. |
Strategic Significance: PMUs provide support to State and district authorities, enabling faster recognition of forest rights, improved digitisation of forest titles, and stronger livelihood convergence under FRA implementation.
NOTE: The Forest Rights Act (FRA), 2006, recognizes the pre-existing land and resource rights of Scheduled Tribes (STs) and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (OTFDs), vesting the Gram Sabha with the statutory authority to initiate claims for individual, community, and Community Forest Resource (CFR) rights.
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