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Gas-Based Power Plants and Grid Balancing in India (Source: Indian Express)

Context:

Grid India has advised gas-based power stations to prepare for higher generation due to forecasts of a weak southwest monsoon and lower hydropower availability. Gas-based plants are expected to play a larger role in meeting evening peak electricity demand and maintaining grid stability.

Gas-Based Power Plants and India’s Grid Balancing

Explanation:

  • GRID INDIA (Grid Controller of India Limited) is the National Grid Operator, responsible for secure, reliable and economic operation of the Indian power system.
  • India’s electricity mix is dominated by coal, while gas-based power contributes only a small share but serves as an important peaking and balancing power source.
  • Gas-based power plants have quick start-up and ramp-up capability, making them suitable for meeting peak demand and balancing fluctuations from solar and wind energy.
  • Hydropower reservoirs provide both electricity generation and water storage; during a weak monsoon they often conserve water, reducing flexible power generation.
  • Natural gas used in power plants is supplied from domestic production and Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) imports, making prices vulnerable to global geopolitical disruptions.
  • Indian Gas Exchange (IGX) is India’s electronic marketplace for trading natural gas, enabling short-term gas procurement.
  • Under Section 11 of the Electricity Act, 2003, the government can direct generating stations to operate during extraordinary circumstances to ensure electricity supply.

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