India–Taiwan Relations

Why in News:

India is in news as it clarified its Taiwan policy after China’s readout of EAM Jaishankar’s meeting suggested he called Taiwan part of China; India reaffirmed no change, maintaining economic, technological, and cultural ties with Taiwan.

Description:

  • India–Taiwan celebrating 25 years of partnership.
  • No formal diplomatic ties → India follows One-China Policy.
  • Relations conducted via India-Taipei Association (ITA) in Taipei & Taipei Economic and Cultural Centre (TECC) in Delhi.

Areas of Cooperation:

  1. Agreements signed: agriculture, investment, civil aviation, customs, industrial cooperation.
  2. Trade & Economy:
    1. Taiwan GDP ≈ $600 bn.
    1. 200+ Taiwanese companies in India (electronics, petrochemicals, ICT, auto parts).
    1. Bilateral trade agreement (2018).
    1. Taiwan = global leader in semiconductors & electronics, India = strong in ITES.
  3. Technology & Talent:
    1. Taiwan facing labour shortages → scope for Indian engineers & scientists.
    1. Collaboration in R&D, universities, technology parks.
  4. Environment & Health:
    1. Taiwan’s bio-friendly tech for air pollution (agri-waste → renewable energy).
    1. Cooperation in traditional medicine, healthcare, organic farming.
  5. Cultural & Tourism:
    1. Buddhist circuit + “Incredible India” promotion.
    1. Taiwan Tourism Bureau active in India.

Strategic Significance

  • China Factor:
    • The Galwan clash (2020) exposed China’s hardline stance.
    • Strengthening Taiwan ties = reducing dependence on China.
  • Geo-strategic:
    • Taiwan part of New Southbound Policy (NSP) → aligns with India’s Act East Policy.
    • Shared values: democracy, freedom, rule of law.
    • Synergy with Quad (India, US, Japan, Australia) in the Indo-Pacific.
  • Geo-economic:
    • US–China trade war → Taiwan shifting manufacturing from China to India/SE Asia.
    • Big opportunity for India’s industrial growth & job creation.

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