Why in News?
BSF began training 150 indigenous dogs — Rampur Hounds and Mudhol Hounds — for border security and counterinsurgency roles.
Description:
Coordinating Agency: Border Security Force (BSF), under Ministry of Home Affairs
Indigenous Breeds:
| Breed | Origin | Key Traits | Limitations / Use |
| Mudhol Hound | Karnataka (bred by Raja of Mudhol) | Agile, fast, high stamina, sharp vision | Performs poorly in cold regions; used for patrol & detection |
| Rampur Hound | Uttar Pradesh (bred by Nawab of Rampur) | Strong, deep-chested, 40 mph speed, loyal | Suited for pursuit & guard duties; rare purebreds |
Foreign Breeds in Service:
| Breed | Key Strength | Primary Role |
| Belgian Malinois | Highly agile, intelligent | Explosive detection, raids |
| German Shepherd | Strong, obedient | Patrol, rescue |
| Labrador Retriever | Excellent scent, calm | Explosive/narcotic detection |
| Bloodhound | 300 million scent receptors | Tracking & search operations |
Significance:
- Promotes Atmanirbhar Bharat in security forces
- Enhances operational efficiency with local breeds
- Supports climate-suited, low-cost alternatives to foreign breeds
- Revives India’s native canine heritage
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