Context
Under Swachh Bharat Mission-Urban 2.0, Raichur, Karnataka, has scientifically remediated about 62,252 MT of legacy waste at the Yakalaspura dumpsite, reclaiming nearly 22 acres. Part of the reclaimed land is being transformed into a Miyawaki forest using native species.
Explanation
- Legacy waste refers to old municipal solid waste accumulated over years at dumpsites, causing leachate, methane emissions, soil-water contamination and air pollution.
- Biomining/bioremediation involves excavating, segregating and processing legacy waste to recover recyclables, refuse-derived fuel and reclaim land.
- SBM-U 2.0, launched in 2021, aims to make cities Garbage Free through scientific solid-waste management and remediation of legacy dumpsites.
- The Miyawaki method, developed by Japanese botanist Akira Miyawaki, creates dense, multilayered forests using native plant species.
- Species are planted closely to encourage rapid growth and ecological competition.
- Such urban forests can improve biodiversity, carbon sequestration, microclimate, soil quality and air quality.
- However, Miyawaki plantations are human-created forests and should not substitute conservation of natural forests and native ecosystems.
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