Why in News?
Ahead of Cyclone Montha’s landfall, the National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) deployed 25 teams across Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Odisha, Chhattisgarh, and Puducherry, with 20 teams on standby, to conduct evacuation, rescue, and relief operations in coordination with local authorities.
Description:
- Established under Section 44 of the Disaster Management Act, 2005.
- Came into existence in 2006 as India’s specialized disaster response force.
- Functions under the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA).
- Headed by a Director General (DG).
Composition:
- Initially raised with 8 battalions, later expanded to 16 battalions.
- Battalions drawn from Central Armed Police Forces (CAPFs) —
BSF, CRPF, CISF, ITBP, SSB, and Assam Rifles. - Each battalion consists of 1,149 personnel trained for multi-hazard response.
Mandate & Role:
- Aims to provide a specialized response to both natural and man-made disasters.
- Capable of dealing with: Floods, cyclones, earthquakes, landslides, building collapses, industrial and nuclear accidents, train/road accidents, and CBRN emergencies (Chemical, Biological, Radiological & Nuclear).
- Focus on “proactive deployment” and “pre-positioning” in disaster-prone areas to minimize loss of life and property.
- Also involved in capacity building, community awareness, and mock drills.
International Operations:
- Responded during major international disasters:
- Fukushima (Japan, 2011): Triple disaster — Earthquake, Tsunami & Radiation leak.
- Nepal Earthquake (2015).
- Participates in multilateral and bilateral disaster cooperation efforts.
Training & Coordination:
- NDRF personnel undergo rigorous multi-hazard training and simulation exercises.
- Works in coordination with NDMA, State Disaster Response Forces (SDRFs), and local administration.
- Ensures synergy among stakeholders during disaster management.
Significance:
- Only dedicated disaster response force in the world operating under a legal mandate.
- Credited for rapid rescue, relief, and rehabilitation during disasters in India and abroad.
- Plays a key role in implementing India’s disaster risk reduction strategy aligned with the Sendai Framework (2015–2030).
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