National HPV Vaccination Programme

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Why in News?

The Union Health Ministry has launched a nationwide drive targeting girls (9–14 years) to eliminate cervical cancer, supported by global partnerships.

Description:

Human Papillomavirus (HPV):

  • Nature: A common sexually transmitted viral infection.
  • High-Risk Strains: Types 16 and 18 cause ~70% of cervical cancer cases globally.
  • Other Strains: Types 6 and 11 are primarily responsible for genital warts.

Vaccination Programme:

  • Target Group: Girls aged 9–14 years (optimal window before potential viral exposure).
  • Vaccine Used: Gardasil (Quadrivalent). Covers 4 strains: 6, 11, 16, and 18. It is developed in partnership with Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance.
  • Dosage: Following recent WHO guidance, India has adopted a single-dose schedule for this age group for high efficacy and easier logistics.
  • Cost: Provided free of charge through the public health infrastructure (Universal Immunisation Programme aligned).

Public Health & Strategic Goals:

  • Elimination Strategy: Aligns with WHO’s 90-70-90 targets by 2030:
    • 90% of girls fully vaccinated by age 15.
    • 70% of women screened with a high-performance test.
    • 90% of women with cervical disease receiving treatment.

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