Why in News?
Denmark’s Prime Minister warned that any U.S. takeover of Greenland would effectively mark the end of North Atlantic Treaty Organization, as it would imply military action by one NATO member against another.
Description:
About NATO:
- Established: 1949 (North Atlantic Treaty)
- Nature: Military alliance based on collective defence
- Headquarters: Brussels, Belgium
- Membership: 30+ countries (Europe + North America)
Core Principle – Article 5:
- Article 5 states that an armed attack against one member is considered an attack against all.
- It has been invoked only once (after the 9/11 attacks, 2001).
- Assumes non-aggression among members as a foundational norm.
Why the Greenland Issue Threatens NATO:
- Since Greenland is a semi-autonomous territory of Denmark, a NATO member, any military takeover by the U.S. (also a NATO member) would violate the principle of non-use of force among allies.
- Such an act would undermine Article 5, weaken alliance unity, and erode NATO’s credibility and deterrence.
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